android 打开部分文件方法汇总整理

2021-07-07 14:03:44 阅读：187 来源： 互联网

标签：汇总 Uri uri application intent new 整理 Intent android

总结打开文件的的方法代码：



 /**
 * 打开文件
 * @param file
 */ 
    private void openFile(File file){ 

        Intent intent = new Intent(); 
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); 
//设置intent的Action属性 
        intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW); 
//获取文件file的MIME类型 
        String type = getMIMEType(file); 
//设置intent的data和Type属性。 
        intent.setDataAndType(/*uri*/Uri.fromFile(file), type); 
//跳转 
        startActivity(intent); //加异常，有可能会报错。 //比如说你的MIME类型是打开邮箱，但是你手机里面没装邮箱客户端，就会报错。

    } 

            /**
             * 根据文件后缀名获得对应的MIME类型。
             * @param file
             */ 
    private String getMIMEType(File file) { 

        String type="*/*"; 
        String fName = file.getName(); 
//获取后缀名前的分隔符"."在fName中的位置。 
        int dotIndex = fName.lastIndexOf("."); 
        if(dotIndex < 0){ 
            return type; 
        } 
/* 获取文件的后缀名*/ 
        String end=fName.substring(dotIndex,fName.length()).toLowerCase(); 
        if(end=="")return type; 
//在MIME和文件类型的匹配表中找到对应的MIME类型。 
        for(int i=0;i<MIME_MapTable.length;i++){  
            if(end.equals(MIME_MapTable[i][0])) 
            type = MIME_MapTable[i][1]; 
        } 
        return type; 
    }

MIME_MapTable是所有文件的后缀名所对应的MIME类型的一个String数组：

private final String[][] MIME_MapTable={ 
//{后缀名，MIME类型} 
{".3gp", "video/3gpp"}, 
{".apk", "application/vnd.android.package-archive"}, 
{".asf", "video/x-ms-asf"}, 
{".avi", "video/x-msvideo"}, 
{".bin", "application/octet-stream"}, 
{".bmp", "image/bmp"}, 
{".c", "text/plain"}, 
{".class", "application/octet-stream"}, 
{".conf", "text/plain"}, 
{".cpp", "text/plain"}, 
{".doc", "application/msword"}, 
{".docx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document"}, 
{".xls", "application/vnd.ms-excel"}, 
{".xlsx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"}, 
{".exe", "application/octet-stream"}, 
{".gif", "image/gif"}, 
{".gtar", "application/x-gtar"}, 
{".gz", "application/x-gzip"}, 
{".h", "text/plain"}, 
{".htm", "text/html"}, 
{".html", "text/html"}, 
{".jar", "application/java-archive"}, 
{".java", "text/plain"}, 
{".jpeg", "image/jpeg"}, 
{".jpg", "image/jpeg"}, 
{".js", "application/x-javascript"}, 
{".log", "text/plain"}, 
{".m3u", "audio/x-mpegurl"}, 
{".m4a", "audio/mp4a-latm"}, 
{".m4b", "audio/mp4a-latm"}, 
{".m4p", "audio/mp4a-latm"}, 
{".m4u", "video/vnd.mpegurl"}, 
{".m4v", "video/x-m4v"}, 
{".mov", "video/quicktime"}, 
{".mp2", "audio/x-mpeg"}, 
{".mp3", "audio/x-mpeg"}, 
{".mp4", "video/mp4"}, 
{".mpc", "application/vnd.mpohun.certificate"}, 
{".mpe", "video/mpeg"}, 
{".mpeg", "video/mpeg"}, 
{".mpg", "video/mpeg"}, 
{".mpg4", "video/mp4"}, 
{".mpga", "audio/mpeg"}, 
{".msg", "application/vnd.ms-outlook"}, 
{".ogg", "audio/ogg"}, 
{".pdf", "application/pdf"}, 
{".png", "image/png"}, 
{".pps", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"}, 
{".ppt", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"}, 
{".pptx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation"}, 
{".prop", "text/plain"}, 
{".rc", "text/plain"}, 
{".rmvb", "audio/x-pn-realaudio"}, 
{".rtf", "application/rtf"}, 
{".sh", "text/plain"}, 
{".tar", "application/x-tar"}, 
{".tgz", "application/x-compressed"}, 
{".txt", "text/plain"}, 
{".wav", "audio/x-wav"}, 
{".wma", "audio/x-ms-wma"}, 
{".wmv", "audio/x-ms-wmv"}, 
{".wps", "application/vnd.ms-works"}, 
{".xml", "text/plain"}, 
{".z", "application/x-compress"}, 
{".zip", "application/x-zip-compressed"}, 
{"", "*/*"} 
};

这个MIME类型可能不太全，

根据文件后缀名获得对应的MIME类型的另一种方式

 Intent intent = new Intent();
    intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
    intent.setAction(android.content.Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
    
    /* 调用getMIMEType()来取得MimeType */
    String type = getMIMEType(f);
    /* 设定intent的file与MimeType */
    intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(f),type);
    startActivity(intent);



 /* 判断文件MimeType的method */
  private String getMIMEType(File f) 
  { 
    String type="";
    String fName=f.getName();
    /* 取得扩展名 */
    String end=fName.substring(fName.lastIndexOf(".")+1,fName.length()).toLowerCase(); 
    
    /* 按扩展名的类型决定MimeType */
    if(end.equals("m4a")||end.equals("mp3")||end.equals("mid")||
       end.equals("xmf")||end.equals("ogg")||end.equals("wav"))
    {
      type = "audio"; 
    }
    else if(end.equals("3gp")||end.equals("mp4"))
    {
      type = "video";
    }
    else if(end.equals("jpg")||end.equals("gif")||end.equals("png")||
            end.equals("jpeg")||end.equals("bmp"))
    {
      type = "image";
    }
    else if(end.equals("apk")) 
    { 
      /* android.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGES */ 
      //用下载并自动安装apk包
      type = "application/vnd.android.package-archive"; 
      return type;
    } 
    else
    {
      /* 如果无法直接打开，就弹出软件列表给用户选择 */
      type="*";
    }
   
    type += "/*"; 
    return type; 
  }

1、打开图片

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new
File("/mnt/sdcard/images/001041580.jpg"));
intent.setDataAndType (uri, "image/*");
this.startActivity(intent);

2、打开PDF文件

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new
File("file:///android_asset/helphelp.pdf"));
intent.setDataAndType (uri, "application/pdf");
this.startActivity(intent);

3、打开文本文件

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
        intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
        intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        if (paramBoolean) {
        Uri uri1 = Uri.parse (param);
        intent.setDataAndType (URI1, "text/plain");
        }
        else{
        Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/mnt/sdcard/hello.txt"));
        intent.setDataAndType (URI2, "text/plain");
        }
        this.startActivity(intent);

4、打开音频文件

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP);
intent.putExtra ("oneshot", 0);
intent.putExtra ("configchange", 0);
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/mnt/sdcard/ren.mp3"));
intent.setDataAndType (uri, "audio/*");
this.startActivity(intent);

5、打开视频:

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP);
intent.putExtra ("oneshot", 0);
intent.putExtra ("configchange", 0);
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/mnt/sdcard/ice.avi"));
intent.setDataAndType (uri, "video/*");
this.startActivity(intent);

6、打开CHM文件

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/mnt/sdcard/ice.chm"));
intent.setDataAndType (uri, "application / x-chm");
this.startActivity(intent);

7、打开Word文档

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/system/etc/help.doc"));
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/msword");
this.startActivity(intent);

8、打开 Excel :

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File("/mnt/sdcard/Book1.xls"));
intent.setDataAndType (uri, "application/vnd.ms-excel");
this.startActivity(intent);

9、打开PPT文件:

Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
intent.addFlags (Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new
File("/mnt/sdcard/download/Android_PPT.ppt"));
intent.setDataAndType (uri, "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint");
this.startActivity(intent);

10、显示Html网页::

Uri uri = Uri.parse ("http://www.google.com");
Intent intent = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
this.startActivity(intent);

11、Show map:

Uri uri = Uri.parse ("geo: 38.899533, -77.036476");
Intent intent = new Intent (Intent.Action_VIEW, uri);
this.startActivity(intent);

12、电话拨号器:

Uri uri = Uri.parse ("tel: xxxxxx");
Intent intent = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_DIAL, uri);
this.startActivity(intent);

13、Call :

Uri uri = Uri.parse ("tel: xxxxxx");
Intent it = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_CALL, uri);
this.startActivity(intent);
/*permission:
<uses-permission id="android.permission.CALL_PHONE">
</uses-permission> */

14、调用发送程序短信:

Intent intent = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intent.putExtra("sms_body", "The SMS text");
intent.setType("vnd.android-dir/mms-sms");
this.startActivity(intent);

15、发送信息

Uri uri = Uri.parse("smsto:0800000123");
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
intent.putExtra("sms_body", "The SMS text");
this.startActivity(intent);

16、发送彩信:

Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media/23");
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.putExtra("sms_body", "some text");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri);
intent.setType("image/png");
this.startActivity(intent);

17、发送电子邮件: :

Uri uri = Uri.parse ("mailto: xxx@abc.com");
Intent intent = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
this.startActivity(intent);

18、发送带有正文的电子邮件:

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL,"me@abc.com");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT,"The email body text");
intent.setType ("text/plain");
this.startActivity(
Intent.createChooser(intent, "Choose Email Client"));

19、发送带有正文的电子邮件至:

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
String [] tos ={"me@abc.com"};
String [] ccs ={"you@abc.com"};
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, tos);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CC, ccs);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");
intent.setType("message/rfc822");
this.startActivity(
Intent.createChooser(intent, "Choose Email Client"));

20、发送带有附件的电子邮件:

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT,"The email subject text");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM,"file :///sdcard/mysong.mp3");
sendIntent.setType("audio/mp3");
this.startActivity(
Intent.createChooser(intent,"Choose Email Client"));

21、卸载程序:

Uri uri = Uri.fromParts ("package", strPackageName, null);
Intent intent = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_DELETE, uri);
this.startActivity(
Intent.createChooser(intent,"Choose Email Client"));

22、安装 apk应用 :

Uri installUri = Uri.fromParts("package", "xxx", null);
returnIt = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED, installUri);
this.startActivity(returnIt);

23、搜索应用程序:

Uri uri = Uri.parse("market://search?Q=pname:pkg_name");
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
this.startActivity(intent);

24. 谷歌搜索启动Web浏览器:

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_WEB_SEARCH);
String term = "Android";
intent.putExtra(SearchManager.QUERY, term);
activity.startActivity(intent);

25. Send text using Intent (to messaging apps) :

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_WEB_SEARCH);
String msgBody = "This is message";
Intent intent = new Intent(android.content.Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.setType("text/plain");
intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT,
"message subject");
intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, msgBody);
activity.startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, getResources().
getString(R.string.share_by_using)));

26、在“主屏幕”上创建快捷方式:

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_WEB_SEARCH);
Intent toPrint = new Intent(this, anCreateshutcut.class);
Intent addShortcut = new Intent
("com.android.launcher.action.INSTALL_SHORTCUT");
addShortcut.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_NAME, "Shutcutname");
addShortcut.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_INTENT, toPrint);
addShortcut.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SHORTCUT_ICON_RESOURCE,
Intent.ShortcutIconResource.fromContext(this, R.drawable.icon));

Manifest file:


<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.CREATE_SHORTCUT">
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER">
</category>
</action>
</intent-filter>

权限：

<uses-permission android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT"></uses-permission>

标签：汇总,Uri,uri,application,intent,new,整理,Intent,android
来源： https://blog.51cto.com/u_14397532/3000592

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android 打开部分文件方法汇总整理