标签：linux protocol Windows hostname window Linux machines NetBIOS
场景如下：
小型局域网，有数台ubuntu，hostname为ubuntu01,02….等等(ubuntu上都装了SAMBA )，其他都是windows。在windows上可以通过hostname(例如ubuntu03)ping通其他主机，而在linux上则不行。如下图，
找到些有用的信息，
Windows uses NetBIOS names, and such protocol, being a broadcast one, allows them to find each other without any central server.
Linux machines in modern distros uses natively a protocol called Avahi, which is also a server-independent, broadcast protocol. Local network machines have a suffix .local, so you can ping from Linux to Linux using ping hostname.local, or see them with avahi-discover package. some apps in Gnome use avahi to list machines in the network (for example, the Remote Desktop Viewer)
Installing SAMBA on a Linux machine will assign it a NetBIOS name (or, more technically, will make a Linux machine advertise itself in broadcast requests with their NetBIOS name, which is by default their hostname), and that allows Windows machines to find the Linux ones.
Gotcha: Although Linux machines with Samba will reply to NetBIOS protocol requests, with default settings in distros like Ubuntu it won’t use NetBIOS as a method to resolve names, and that’s why Linux machines can’t “see” each other or the Windows machines. For that, you need to edit /etc/nsswitch.conf file and add wins to the list in this line:
hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns wins mdns4You may need to install winbind package for the above to work.
So, for the visibility issue, you either install Samba on all Linux machines (and also edit /etc/nsswitch.conf to enable NetBIOS name resolution), or you install Avahi support in Windows machines.
As for file sharing, Samba provides Linux machines file-sharing capabilities with Windows. Theres no need to edit /etc/nsswitch.conf for Linux machines to see shared folders of each other and Windows (and vice-versa) in the “Network” section of Nautilus
标签：linux,protocol,Windows,hostname,window,Linux,machines,NetBIOS 来源： https://blog.51cto.com/u_15147256/2792579
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