因此,我正在修改一阵子的随机数生成器,而不是在JOptionPane中创建它,而是决定尝试在JFrame中创建它.我遇到的2个问题是：
>我不知道如何访问类“ Easy”中用于类“ PlayAgain”的尝试次数.
>如果他们决定单击btnPlayAgain,我该如何循环回到程序的开头并再次从菜单屏幕开始？创建Menu的新实例无法按我想要的方式工作,因为选择困难后Menu框架不会关闭.
该代码适用于3个类,即Menu,Easy和PlayAgain.我没有包含按钮Medium或Hard的代码,因为它与Easy几乎相同.
菜单
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.SwingConstants;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.JButton;
public class Menu extends JFrame {
private JPanel contentPane;
public static Menu frame;
public static Easy eFrame;
public static Medium mFrame;
public static Hard hFrame;
/**
* Launch the application.
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
try {
frame = new Menu();
frame.setVisible(true);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
public Menu() {
setResizable(false);
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(100, 100, 450, 149);
contentPane = new JPanel();
contentPane.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));
setContentPane(contentPane);
contentPane.setLayout(null);
JLabel lblSelectADifficulty = new JLabel("Select a difficulty");
lblSelectADifficulty.setBounds(10, 49, 424, 19);
lblSelectADifficulty.setFont(new Font("Tahoma", Font.PLAIN, 15));
lblSelectADifficulty.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
contentPane.add(lblSelectADifficulty);
JLabel lblRandomNumberGuessing = new JLabel("Random Number Guessing Game");
lblRandomNumberGuessing.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
lblRandomNumberGuessing.setFont(new Font("Tahoma", Font.PLAIN, 22));
lblRandomNumberGuessing.setBounds(10, 11, 424, 27);
contentPane.add(lblRandomNumberGuessing);
JButton btnEasy = new JButton("Easy (0-100)");
btnEasy.setBounds(10, 79, 134, 23);
contentPane.add(btnEasy);
JButton btnMedium = new JButton("Medium (0-1000)");
btnMedium.setBounds(155, 79, 134, 23);
contentPane.add(btnMedium);
JButton btnHard = new JButton("Hard (0-10000)");
btnHard.setBounds(300, 79, 134, 23);
contentPane.add(btnHard);
btnEasy.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
frame.setVisible(false);
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
try {
eFrame = new Easy();
eFrame.setVisible(true);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
});
}
}
简单
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.SwingConstants;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.JButton;
public class Easy extends JFrame {
private JPanel contentPane;
private JTextField textField;
private int rand;
public int attempts;
public Easy() {
attempts = 1;
Random rnd = new Random();
rand = rnd.nextInt(100 + 1);
setResizable(false);
setTitle("Take a guess");
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(100, 100, 300, 135);
contentPane = new JPanel();
contentPane.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));
setContentPane(contentPane);
contentPane.setLayout(null);
final JLabel lblGuessANumber = new JLabel("Guess a number between 0 - 100");
lblGuessANumber.setBounds(10, 11, 274, 19);
lblGuessANumber.setFont(new Font("Tahoma", Font.PLAIN, 15));
lblGuessANumber.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
contentPane.add(lblGuessANumber);
textField = new JTextField();
textField.setBounds(20, 41, 110, 20);
contentPane.add(textField);
textField.setColumns(10);
final JButton btnGuess = new JButton("Guess");
btnGuess.setBounds(164, 41, 110, 20);
contentPane.add(btnGuess);
final JLabel label = new JLabel("");
label.setFont(new Font("Tahoma", Font.PLAIN, 12));
label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
label.setBounds(10, 72, 274, 24);
contentPane.add(label);
btnGuess.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if((Integer.parseInt(textField.getText())) >= 0 && (Integer.parseInt(textField.getText())) <= 100){
if((Integer.parseInt(textField.getText())) < rand){
label.setText("You guessed too low.");
System.out.println(rand);
attempts++;
}
else if((Integer.parseInt(textField.getText())) > rand){
label.setText("You guessed too high.");
attempts++;
}
else if((Integer.parseInt(textField.getText())) == rand){
dispose();
PlayAgain pl = new PlayAgain();
pl.setVisible(true);
}
}
else
label.setText("Please enter a valid input.");
}
});
}
public int returnAttempts(){
return attempts;
}
}
再玩一遍
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.SwingConstants;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.JButton;
public class PlayAgain extends JFrame {
private JPanel contentPane;
public PlayAgain() {
setResizable(false);
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(100, 100, 240, 110);
contentPane = new JPanel();
contentPane.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));
setContentPane(contentPane);
contentPane.setLayout(null);
JLabel lblPlayAgain = new JLabel("Play Again?");
lblPlayAgain.setFont(new Font("Tahoma", Font.PLAIN, 15));
lblPlayAgain.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
lblPlayAgain.setBounds(10, 27, 214, 23);
contentPane.add(lblPlayAgain);
JButton btnYes = new JButton("Yes");
btnYes.setBounds(10, 49, 89, 23);
contentPane.add(btnYes);
JButton btnQuit = new JButton("Quit");
btnQuit.setBounds(135, 49, 89, 23);
contentPane.add(btnQuit);
//Need to return number of attempts from Easy.java in lblYouGuessedCorrectly
JLabel lblYouGuessedCorrectly = new JLabel("You guessed correctly! Attempts: ");
lblYouGuessedCorrectly.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
lblYouGuessedCorrectly.setBounds(10, 11, 214, 14);
contentPane.add(lblYouGuessedCorrectly);
btnYes.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//Need to start the program over again, starting with from the Menu screen
}
});
btnQuit.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
解决方法:
意见建议：
>您正在创建事件驱动的Swing GUI,因此不会像线性控制台程序那样“循环”回到程序的开头,因为事件驱动程序不是这样工作的.而是只在需要时显示菜单视图,通常是响应某些事件,例如JButton和/或JMenuItem的ActionListener中的事件.
>因此,添加一个重置的JButton或JMenuItem或两者,让它们共享相同的ResetAction AbstractAction,然后在该Action的内部重新显示菜单视图.
>侧面建议1(与您的主要问题无关)：不要使用空布局或setBounds,因为这将导致难以调试和增强仅在一个平台上看起来不错的GUI.
>侧面建议2：不要编写JFrames,而是编写JPanel视图,因为这将大大提高程序的灵活性,允许您在需要使用CardLayout时交换JPanel视图,或在JFrame或JDialog或其他需要的地方.
例如,使用CardLayout交换JPanel视图,并使用JOptionPane来重新启动时获取用户输入：
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.CardLayout;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.Window;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import javax.swing.AbstractAction;
import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import javax.swing.Box;
import javax.swing.BoxLayout;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.SwingConstants;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class Main2 extends JPanel {
private MenuPanel menuPanel = new MenuPanel(this);
private GamePanel gamePanel = new GamePanel(this);
private CardLayout cardLayout = new CardLayout();
public Main2() {
setLayout(cardLayout);
add(menuPanel, MenuPanel.NAME);
add(gamePanel, GamePanel.NAME);
}
public void setDifficulty(Difficulty difficulty) {
gamePanel.setDifficulty(difficulty);
}
public void showCard(String name) {
cardLayout.show(Main2.this, name);
}
private static void createAndShowGui() {
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Main2");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.getContentPane().add(new Main2());
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
createAndShowGui();
}
});
}
}
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
class MenuPanel extends JPanel {
public static final String NAME = "menu panel";
private static final String MAIN_TITLE = "Random Number Guessing Game";
private static final String SUB_TITLE = "Select a difficulty";
private static final int GAP = 3;
private static final float TITLE_SIZE = 20f;
private static final float SUB_TITLE_SIZE = 16;
private Main2 main2;
public MenuPanel(Main2 main2) {
this.main2 = main2;
JLabel titleLabel = new JLabel(MAIN_TITLE, SwingConstants.CENTER);
titleLabel.setFont(titleLabel.getFont().deriveFont(Font.BOLD, TITLE_SIZE));
JPanel titlePanel = new JPanel();
titlePanel.add(titleLabel);
JLabel subTitleLabel = new JLabel(SUB_TITLE, SwingConstants.CENTER);
subTitleLabel.setFont(subTitleLabel.getFont().deriveFont(Font.PLAIN, SUB_TITLE_SIZE));
JPanel subTitlePanel = new JPanel();
subTitlePanel.add(subTitleLabel);
JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 0, GAP, GAP));
for (Difficulty difficulty : Difficulty.values()) {
buttonPanel.add(new JButton(new DifficultyAction(difficulty)));
}
setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(GAP, GAP, GAP, GAP));
setLayout(new BoxLayout(this, BoxLayout.PAGE_AXIS));
add(titlePanel);
add(subTitlePanel);
add(buttonPanel);
}
private class DifficultyAction extends AbstractAction {
private Difficulty difficulty;
public DifficultyAction(Difficulty difficulty) {
this.difficulty = difficulty;
String name = String.format("%s (0-%d)", difficulty.getText(), difficulty.getMaxValue());
putValue(NAME, name);
int mnemonic = (int) name.charAt(0);
putValue(MNEMONIC_KEY, mnemonic);
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
main2.setDifficulty(difficulty);
main2.showCard(GamePanel.NAME);
}
}
}
enum Difficulty {
EASY("Easy", 100), MEDIUM("Medium", 1000), HARD("Hard", 10000);
private String text;
private int maxValue;
private Difficulty(String text, int maxValue) {
this.text = text;
this.maxValue = maxValue;
}
public String getText() {
return text;
}
public int getMaxValue() {
return maxValue;
}
}
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
class GamePanel extends JPanel {
public static final String NAME = "game panel";
private String labelText = "Guess a number between 0 - ";
private JLabel label = new JLabel(labelText + Difficulty.HARD.getMaxValue(), SwingConstants.CENTER);
private Main2 main2;
GuessAction guessAction = new GuessAction("Guess");
private JTextField textField = new JTextField(10);
private JButton guessButton = new JButton(guessAction);
private boolean guessCorrect = false;
private Difficulty difficulty;
public GamePanel(Main2 main2) {
this.main2 = main2;
textField.setAction(guessAction);
JPanel guessPanel = new JPanel();
guessPanel.add(textField);
guessPanel.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(10));
guessPanel.add(guessButton);
JPanel centerPanel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
centerPanel.add(guessPanel);
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
add(label, BorderLayout.PAGE_START);
add(centerPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
}
public void setDifficulty(Difficulty difficulty) {
this.difficulty = difficulty;
label.setText(labelText + difficulty.getMaxValue());
}
private class GuessAction extends AbstractAction {
private int attempts = 1;
public GuessAction(String name) {
super(name);
int mnemonic = (int) name.charAt(0);
putValue(MNEMONIC_KEY, mnemonic);
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// TODO use difficulty and all to check guesses, and reply to user
// we'll just show the go back to main menu dialog
guessCorrect = true; // TODO: Delete this later
if (guessCorrect) {
String message = "Attempts: " + attempts + ". Play Again?";
String title = "You've Guessed Correctly!";
int optionType = JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION;
int selection = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(GamePanel.this, message, title, optionType);
if (selection == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) {
textField.setText("");
main2.showCard(MenuPanel.NAME);
} else {
Window window = SwingUtilities.getWindowAncestor(GamePanel.this);
window.dispose();
}
}
}
}
}
标签：swing,jframe,java 来源： https://codeday.me/bug/20191027/1945743.html
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