首页 > 编程语言> 文章详细

GUI笔记(同步b站视频狂神说JAVA)

2021-11-23 00:00:16 阅读：217 来源： 互联网

标签：JAVA java GUI add frame import new 狂神 public

视频链接【狂神说Java】GUI编程入门到游戏实战_哔哩哔哩_bilibili

文章中的图片皆为效果图，如果有需要可以私聊我。

# GUI

## AWT

### 2.1、Frame

Frame的实例是一个底层容器，即通常被称为窗口。

~~~java

package GUI;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.*;

//GUI的第一个界面

public class testFrame {

public static void main(String[] args) {

//Frame,JDK 看源码；

Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个java图形界面窗口");

//设置可见性 w h 没有

frame.setVisible(true);

//设置窗口大小

frame.setSize(400, 400);

//背景颜色 Color

Color color = new Color(155, 89, 104);

frame.setBackground(color);

//弹出的初始位置

frame.setLocation(200, 200);

//设置大小固定

frame.setResizable(false);

}

~~~

![image-20211111094620278](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211111094620278.png)

尝试回顾封装：

~~~java

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;

public class testFrame2 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

MyFrame01 myFrame1 = new MyFrame01(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);

MyFrame01 myFrame2 = new MyFrame01(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.yellow);

MyFrame01 myFrame3 = new MyFrame01(500, 100, 200, 200, Color.RED);

MyFrame01 myFrame4 = new MyFrame01(700, 100, 200, 200, Color.BLACK);

}

class MyFrame01 extends Frame{

//除了Frame方法以外，还有自己的方法

static int id = 0;//可能存在多个窗口，我们需要一个计数器

//构造器封装一下

public MyFrame01(int x,int y, int w,int h,Color color){

super("MyFrame+"+(++id));

setBackground(color);

setVisible(true);

//相当于初始位置x，y和窗口大小w h

setBounds(x,y,w,h);

setResizable(false);

}

~~~

![image-20211111094541752](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211111094541752.png)

### 2.2 、面板panel

~~~Java

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;

import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

import java.awt.event.WindowListener;

//Panel 可以看成一个空间，但是不能单独存在，得放在Frame上

public class testPanel {

public static void main(String[] args) {

//窗口

Frame frame = new Frame();

//布局的概念

//面板

Panel panel = new Panel();

/*设置布局不设置会默认置顶

未设置Layout时，java默认为flowLayout布局的，

设置为null即为清空布局管理器，之后添加组件，常常是设置组件左上角坐标相

对于容器左上角（0，0）的x,y值来确定组件的位置，即使更改容器大小也不会

改变位置。这种方式常常用于窗体大小固定的容器里。*/

frame.setLayout(null);

//坐标

frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);

frame.setBackground(new Color(59, 164, 125));

//panel 设置坐标，相对于Frame的坐标

panel.setBounds(50,50,200,200);

panel.setBackground(new Color(90, 46, 30));

//frame.add(panel)frame添加面板

frame.add(panel);//Panel经过三层继承，最终继承了Component

frame.setVisible(true);

//监听时间，监听窗口关闭事件->System.exit(0)

//适配器模式： new WindowsListener()重写的太多了，所以new其子类new WindowAdapter(), adapter(适配器)

frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {

//窗口点击关闭的时候需要做的事情

@Override

public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {

//结束程序

System.exit(0);

}

});

}

~~~

![image-20211111100737470](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211111100737470.png)

### 2.3 布局管理器

setLayout(布局对象)

#### flowlayout 流式布局从左到右

~~~Java

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;

import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class testFlowLayout {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Frame frame = new Frame();

//组件-按钮

Button button1 = new Button("button1");

Button button2 = new Button("button2");

Button button3 = new Button("button3");

//设置为流式布局

//frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());//默认是中FlowLayout.center

//frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));

frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));

frame.setSize(200,200);

frame.setVisible(true);

frame.add(button1);

frame.add(button2);

frame.add(button3);

frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {

//窗口点击关闭的时候需要做的事情

@Override

public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {

//结束程序

System.exit(0);

}

});

}

~~~

![image-20211111110102751](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211111110102751.png)![image-20211111110155712](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211111110155712.png)

![image-20211111105928649](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211111105928649.png)

#### BorderLayout 东西南北中

~~~java

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;

import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class testBorderLayout {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");

Button east = new Button("East");

Button west = new Button("West");

Button south = new Button("South");

Button north = new Button("North");

Button center = new Button("Center");

//东西南北中布局不会自动填充，所以得自己去定义组件放的位置。

frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);

frame.add(west ,BorderLayout.WEST);

frame.add(south ,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

frame.add(north ,BorderLayout.NORTH);

frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);

frame.setSize(300,300);

frame.setVisible(true);

frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {

@Override

public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {

System.exit(0);

}

});

}

~~~

![image-20211111111318186](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211111111318186.png)

#### GridLayout 表格布局

~~~java

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;

import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class testGridLayout {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Frame frame = new Frame("TsetGridLayout");

Button button1 = new Button("button1");

Button button2 = new Button("button2");

Button button3 = new Button("button3");

Button button4 = new Button("button4");

Button button5 = new Button("button5");

Button button6 = new Button("button6");

frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));

//表格布局会自动填充，所以直接add即可，系统会按照add的顺序自动排列

frame.add(button1);

frame.add(button2);

frame.add(button3);

frame.add(button4);

frame.add(button5);

frame.add(button6);

frame.pack();//让布局变得好看

frame.setVisible(true);

frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {

@Override

public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {

System.exit(0);

}

});

}

~~~

![image-20211111112135218](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211111112135218.png)

#### 实例

~~~java

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;

public class work01 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Frame frame = new Frame("TestLayoutLianxi");

frame.setSize(400,300);

frame.setLocation(300,300);

frame.setBackground(Color.BLUE);

frame.setVisible(true);

//表格布局窗口，两行一列

frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));

Panel panel1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());

Panel panel2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));

Panel panel3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());

Panel panel4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));

Button button1 = new Button("BUTTON1");

Button button2 = new Button("BUTTON2");

Button button3 = new Button("BUTTON3");

Button button4 = new Button("BUTTON4");

Button button5 = new Button("BUTTON5");

Button button6 = new Button("BUTTON6");

Button button7 = new Button("BUTTON7");

Button button8 = new Button("BUTTON8");

Button button9 = new Button("BUTTON9");

Button button10 = new Button("BUTTON10");

//东西南北中布局pannel1

panel1.add(button1,BorderLayout.EAST);

panel1.add(button2,BorderLayout.WEST);

//表格布局panel2，两行一列

/*另一种简洁的写法：

for(int i=3;i<=4;i++){

panel4.add(new Button("button"+i));

}

这样写前面就不用new Button();

panel2.add(button3);

panel2.add(button4);

//将pannel2嵌套到pannel1中

panel1.add(panel2,BorderLayout.CENTER);

//东西南北中布局pannel3

panel3.add(button5,BorderLayout.EAST);

panel3.add(button6,BorderLayout.WEST);

//表格布局panel4，两行两列

/*另一种简洁的写法：

for(int i=7;i<=10;i++){

panel4.add(new Button("button"+i));

}

panel4.add(button7);

panel4.add(button8);

panel4.add(button9);

panel4.add(button10);

//将pannel4嵌套到pannel3中

panel3.add(panel4,BorderLayout.CENTER);

//将pannel1和pannel3嵌套到窗口中

frame.add(panel1);

frame.add(panel3);

frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {

@Override

public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {

System.exit(0);

}

});

}

~~~

![image-20211111113445254](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211111113445254.png)

#### 总结

##### 之前的知识总结

1. 标题，大小，定位，背景颜色，可见性，监听

2. Frame是一个底层容器。

3. Panel是一个中间容器，无法单独显示，必须添加到底层容器中

4. 布局管理器

a. 流失

b. 东西南北中

c. 表格

### 2.4 、事件监听

#### 事件监听：当某个事件发生的时候，干什么？

```java

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;

import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;

import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class testActionEvent {

public static void main(String[] args) {

//按下按钮，触发一些事件

Frame frame = new Frame();

Button button1 = new Button("button1");

//因为addActionListener需要ActionListener，因此我们需要构造一个ActionListener

MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();

button1.addActionListener(new MyActionListener());

frame.add(button1, BorderLayout.CENTER);

frame.pack();

frame.setVisible(true);

windowsClosing(frame);//调用关闭窗体方法

}

//关闭窗体的事件

private static void windowsClosing(Frame frame){

frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {

@Override

public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {

System.exit(0);

}

});

}

//事件监听

static class MyActionListener implements ActionListener {

@Override

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

System.out.println("点击按钮");

}

```

![image-20211112234623382](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211112234623382.png)

#### 多个按钮共享一个事件

```java

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;

import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

public class testActionEvent2 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

//两个按钮，实现同一个监听

Frame frame = new Frame("多个愿望一次满足");

Button button1 = new Button("start");

Button button2 = new Button("stop");

//setActionCommand()可以显示的定义出发会返回的命令，如果不显示定义，则会走默认值

button1.setActionCommand("button1-start");

//可以多个按钮只写一个监听类

MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();

button1.addActionListener(myActionListener);

button2.addActionListener(myActionListener);

frame.add(button1, BorderLayout.WEST);

frame.add(button2, BorderLayout.EAST);

frame.pack();

frame.setVisible(true);

}

class MyActionListener implements ActionListener {

@Override

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

//e.getActionCommand()获得按钮的信息

System.out.println("按钮被点击了：" + e.getActionCommand());

}

```

![image-20211112235452200](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211112235452200.png)

### 2.5、输入框事件监听TextField

输入框中输入的字，可以打印出来，并将输入的字全部删除。

```java

package GUI.actionListener;

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;

import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class textArea01 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

//启动！只负责启动

new MyFrame();

}

class MyFrame extends Frame{

public MyFrame(){

TextField textField = new TextField();

add(textField);

//监听这个文本框输入的文字

//按下回车键，就会触发这个输入框的事件，在下边的重写方法中重写的语句为获得输入框的文本并打印

textField.addActionListener(new myActionListener());

//设置替换编码

textField.setEchoChar('*');

setVisible(true);

pack();

}

class myActionListener implements ActionListener{

@Override

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

//getSource()获得一些资源,返回的一个对象,返回对象的类型是object,下转型为TextField

TextField text = (TextField) e.getSource();

System.out.println(text.getText());//获得输入框的文本

//每次都设置为空即每次文本框输入完以后，都会全部删除清零

text.setText("");

}

```

![image-20211113145848451](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211113145848451.png)

### 2.6、简易计算器，组合+内部类回顾复习

oop原则：组合，大于继承

#### 原始版本

```java

package GUI.actionListener;

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;

import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class addCalculate01 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

new Calculator01();

}

//计算器类

class Calculator01 extends Frame {

public Calculator01() {

//3个文本框

TextField textField1 = new TextField(10);//字符数

TextField textField2 = new TextField(10);//字符数

TextField textField3 = new TextField(20);//字符数

//1 个按钮

Button button = new Button("=");

button.addActionListener(new addActionListener01(textField1,textField2,textField3));

//1个标签

Label label = new Label("+");

setLayout(new FlowLayout());

add(textField1);

add(label);

add(textField2);

add(button);

add(textField3);

pack();

setVisible(true);

}

//监听器类

class addActionListener01 implements ActionListener {

//获取三个变量

private TextField textField1,textField2,textField3;

public addActionListener01(TextField textField1, TextField textField2, TextField textField3){

this.textField1 = textField1;

this.textField2 = textField2;

this.textField3 = textField3;

}

@Override

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

//1.getText()获得加数和被加数。Integer.parseInt()是把()里的内容转换成整数，将"123"=>123

int n = Integer.parseInt(textField1.getText());

int n1 = Integer.parseInt(textField2.getText());

//2.setText将这个值加法运算后，放到第三个框。""+(n+n1)把整数转化为字符串，将123="123"

textField3.setText(""+(n+n1));

//3.清除前两个框

textField1.setText("");

textField2.setText("");

}

```

![image-20211113003331684](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211113003331684.png)

#### 组合版本

- 完全改造成面向对象

```

package GUI.actionListener;

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;

import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class addCalculate02 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

new Calculator02().loadFrame();

}

//计算器类

class Calculator02 extends Frame {

//属性

TextField textField1,textField2,textField3;

//方法

public void loadFrame(){

//组件——3个文本框，1个按钮，1个标签

textField1 = new TextField(10);//字符数

textField2 = new TextField(10);//字符数

textField3 = new TextField(20);//字符数

Button button = new Button("=");

Label label = new Label("+");

//添加按钮监听事件

button.addActionListener(new addActionListener02(this));

//布局

setLayout(new FlowLayout());

add(textField1);

add(label);

add(textField2);

add(button);

add(textField3);

pack();

setVisible(true);

}

//监听器类

class addActionListener02 implements ActionListener {

//获取计算器这个对象，在一个类中组合另一个类

Calculator02 calculator;

public addActionListener02(Calculator02 calculator){

this.calculator=calculator;

}

@Override

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

//1.获得加数和被加数

int t1=Integer.parseInt(calculator.textField1.getText());

int t2=Integer.parseInt(calculator.textField2.getText());

//2.将这个值加法运算后，放到第三个框

calculator.textField3.setText(""+(t1+t2));

//3.清除前两个框

calculator.textField1.setText("");

calculator.textField2.setText("");

}

```

![image-20211113152816523](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211113152816523.png)

#### 内部类版本

```Java

package GUI.actionListener;

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;

import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class addCalculate03 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

new Calculator02().loadFrame();

}

//计算器类

class Calculator03 extends Frame {

//属性

TextField textField1,textField2,textField3;

//方法

public void loadFrame(){

//组件——3个文本框，1个按钮，1个标签

textField1 = new TextField(10);//字符数

textField2 = new TextField(10);//字符数

textField3 = new TextField(20);//字符数

Button button = new Button("=");

Label label = new Label("+");

//添加按钮监听事件

button.addActionListener(new addActionListener02());

//布局

setLayout(new FlowLayout());

add(textField1);

add(label);

add(textField2);

add(button);

add(textField3);

pack();

setVisible(true);

}

//内部监听器类

//内部类最大的好处，就是可以畅通无阻的访问外部的属性和方法！

private class addActionListener02 implements ActionListener {

@Override

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

//1.获得加数和被加数

int t1=Integer.parseInt(textField1.getText());

int t2=Integer.parseInt(textField2.getText());

//2.将这个值加法运算后，放到第三个框

textField3.setText(""+(t1+t2));

//3.清除前两个框

textField1.setText("");

textField2.setText("");

}

```

![image-20211113153938637](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211113153938637.png)

### 2.7、画笔

```Java

package GUI.Paint;

import java.awt.*;

public class textPaint {

public static void main(String[] args) {

new MYpaint().loadFrame1();

}

class MYpaint extends Frame{

//创建窗口

public void loadFrame1(){

setBounds(200,200,600,400);

setVisible(true);

}

@Override

public void paint(Graphics g) {

//super.paint(g);有些类的父类有一些初始化操作，不能随便干掉

//画笔，需要颜色，画笔可以画画

g.setColor(Color.red);

g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);//空心圆

g.fillOval(200,100,100,100);//实心园

g.setColor(Color.green);

g.fillRect(100,300,100,100);//实心矩形

g.drawRect(200,300,100,100);//空心矩形

//养成习惯画笔画完，将他还原到最初的颜色

g.setColor(Color.BLACK);

}

```

![image-20211113170142264](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211113170142264.png)

### 2.8、鼠标监听

目的：想要实现鼠标画画！

思路：

1. 创建画板画笔鼠标存点的集合

2. 鼠标监听事件，当鼠标在画板上点击时，获得一个点（鼠标当前的坐标x,y）

3. 将该点（x,y）存进集合中

4. 画笔将集合中点读出，画在画板上。但是画笔只能画一次，所以就让鼠标每次点击后都重新画一次（repaint()）

```Java

package GUI;

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;

import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.Iterator;

//鼠标监听事件

public class TestMouseListener {

public static void main(String[] args) {

new MyFrame("画图");

}

//自己的类

class MyFrame extends Frame {

//画画需要画笔，需要监听鼠标当前的位置，需要集合来存储这个点

ArrayList points;//存储点的集合

public MyFrame(String title) {

super(title);

setBounds(100, 100, 500, 400);

//存鼠标的点

points = new ArrayList<>();

setVisible(true);

//鼠标监听器，针对这个窗口

this.addMouseListener(new myMouseAdapter());

}

@Override

public void paint(Graphics g) {

//画画，监听鼠标的事件

Iterator iterator = points.iterator();//迭代器

while (iterator.hasNext()){

Point point = (Point) iterator.next();

g.setColor(Color.BLUE);

g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);

}

//添加一个点到界面上

public void addPaint(Point point){

points.add(point);

}

//适配器模式

private class myMouseAdapter extends MouseAdapter {

//鼠标按下，弹起，按住不放

@Override

public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {

MyFrame myframe = (MyFrame) e.getSource();

//这里我们点击的时候，就会在界面产生一个点

myframe.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));

//每次点击鼠标都需要重新画一遍

myframe.repaint();//刷新

}

```

![image-20211115151625724](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211115151625724.png)

![image-20211115151453211](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211115151453211.png)

### 2.9、窗口监听

```Java

package GUI.Window;

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;

import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class testWindow {

public static void main(String[] args) {

new myWindowFrame();

}

class myWindowFrame extends Frame {

public myWindowFrame() {

setBackground(Color.BLUE);

setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);

setVisible(true);

this.addWindowListener(

//匿名内部类

new WindowAdapter() {

//关闭窗口

@Override

public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {

System.out.println("windowsClosing");

System.exit(0);

}

//激活窗口

@Override

public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {

myWindowFrame source = (myWindowFrame) e.getSource();

source.setTitle("已激活");

System.out.println("windowActivated");

}

);

}

/* @Override

public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {

setVisible(false);// 隐藏窗口

System.exit(0);//正常退出 1是非正常退出

};*/

}

```

![image-20211115155236392](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211115155236392.png)![image-20211115155331814](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211115155331814.png)

### 2.10、键盘监听

```Java

package GUI.KeyListener;

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;

import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

import java.sql.SQLOutput;

//键

public class testKeyListener {

public static void main(String[] args) {

new KeyFrame();

}

class KeyFrame extends Frame{

public KeyFrame(){

setBounds(0,0,300,400);

setVisible(true);

//适配器

this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {

//键盘按下

@Override

public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {

//getKeyCode()获得键盘下的键对应的整型数据

int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//不需要去记录这个数值，直接使用静态属性VK_xxx

System.out.println(keyCode);

if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){

System.out.println("你按了上键盘");

//根据不同的操作，进行不同的结果

}

});

}

```

![image-20211116081447112](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116081447112.png)

## Swing

### 3.1、窗口JFrame

```java

package Swing.Jframe;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.*;

public class testJframe {

//init();初始化

public void init(){

//顶级窗口

JFrame jf = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口");

jf.setBounds(100,100,400,300);

//设置文字Label->JLabel

jf.setBackground(Color.BLUE);

JLabel jl = new JLabel("JLabel");

jf.add(jl);

//让文本标签居中

jl.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

//容器实例化,这样我们才能看到效果

jf.getContentPane().setBackground(Color.yellow);

jf.setVisible(true);

//关闭事件

jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

//建立一个窗口

new testJframe().init();

}

```

![image-20211116082554599](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116082554599.png)

### 3.2、弹窗Dialog

```java

package Swing.Dialog;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;

import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class testDialog extends JFrame {

public testDialog() {

this.setVisible(true);

this.setBounds(100, 100, 400, 400);

this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

//Jframe 放东西，容器

Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

//绝对布局

contentPane.setLayout(null);

//设置背景

contentPane.setBackground(Color.BLUE);

//按钮

JButton jButton = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");

jButton.setBounds(30, 30, 200, 50);

//点击按钮弹出弹框,监听按钮事件

jButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {//监听器

@Override

public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

//弹窗

new MyDialog();

}

});

contentPane.add(jButton);

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

new testDialog();

}

//弹窗的窗口

class MyDialog extends JDialog {

public MyDialog() {

this.setVisible(true);

this.setBounds(500, 100, 500, 500);

//this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

//JDialog退出如果使用EXIT会报错，但JDiaolog本身就默认有关闭事件。

this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);

//JDialog退出只能是D0_ONTHING,HIDE,DISPOSE这三个中的一种

this.setTitle("这是一个弹窗");

Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

contentPane.setLayout(null);

contentPane.setBackground(Color.ORANGE);

JLabel lable = new JLabel("学习学习");

contentPane.add(lable);

lable.setBounds(20,20,100,50);

}

```

![image-20211116094843738](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116094843738.png)

### 3.3、标签

#### 图标Icon

```java

package Swing.Icon;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.*;

//图标，需要实现类，Frame继承

public class testIcon extends JFrame implements Icon {

private int width;

private int hight;

//无参构造

public testIcon(){};

//有参构造

public testIcon(int width,int hight){

this.width = width;

this.hight = hight;

};

public void init(){

testIcon iconDemo = new testIcon(15, 15);

//图标可以放在标签，也可以放在按钮上！

//JLabel(String text, Icon icon, int horizontalAlignment)

JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("标签",iconDemo,SwingConstants.CENTER);

Container contentPane = getContentPane();

contentPane.add(jLabel);

this.setVisible(true);

this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

}

@Override

public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {

g.setColor(Color.blue);

g.fillOval(x,y,width,hight);

}

@Override

public int getIconWidth() {

return this.width;

}

@Override

public int getIconHeight() {

return this.hight;

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

new testIcon().init();

}

```

![image-20211116112155230](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116112155230.png)

### 图片标签ImageIcon

```Java

package Swing.Icon;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.*;

import java.net.URL;

public class testImageIcon extends JFrame {

public testImageIcon(){

JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("图片");

//获取图片的地址

//testImageIcon.class.getResource("name.jpg")->获取当前这个类(testImageIcon)的同级资源下名为name.jpg的文件。

URL url = testImageIcon.class.getResource("img.png");

//将图片放进imageIcon中

//ImageIcon是一个类已经实现了Icon接口

ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);

//将imageIcon放进jLabel中

jLabel.setIcon(imageIcon);

jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

Container contentPane = getContentPane();

contentPane.add(jLabel);

this.setVisible(true);

this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

setBounds(100,100,800,800);

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

new testImageIcon();

}

```

![image-20211116121510653](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116121510653.png)

### 3.4、面板

#### JPanel

```java

package Swing.Jpanel;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.*;

public class testJpanel extends JFrame {

public testJpanel(){

Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

contentPane.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));//后边两个参数代表的是间距

JPanel jPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));

JPanel jPane2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));

JPanel jPane3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2, 1));

JPanel jPane4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2, 2));

jPanel.add(new JButton("a"));

jPanel.add(new JButton("b"));

jPanel.add(new JButton("c"));

jPane2.add(new JButton("1"));

jPane2.add(new JButton("2"));

jPane3.add(new JButton("A"));

jPane3.add(new JButton("B"));

jPane4.add(new JButton("@"));

jPane4.add(new JButton("#"));

jPane4.add(new JButton("$"));

jPane4.add(new JButton("&"));

contentPane.add(jPanel);

contentPane.add(jPane2);

contentPane.add(jPane3);

contentPane.add(jPane4);

setBounds(100,100,500,400);

setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

setVisible(true);

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

new testJpanel();

}

```

![image-20211116144526645](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116144526645.png)

#### JScrollPanel

```java

package Swing.Jpanel;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.*;

public class testJScrollPanel extends JFrame {

public testJScrollPanel(){

Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

//文本域JTextArea允许编辑多行文本,文本框JTextField允许编辑单行文本

//JTextArea(20, 50)表示20行50列

JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);

jTextArea.setText("学习学习");

//JScrolPane()面板，带滚动条的面板，并添加到contentpane

JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);

contentPane.add(jScrollPane);

this.setVisible(true);

this.setBounds(100,100,400,300);

this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

jTextArea.setBackground(Color.yellow);

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

new testJScrollPanel();

}

```

![image-20211116150433130](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116150433130.png)

### 3.5、按钮

#### 图片按钮

~~~Java

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.*;

import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {

public JButtonDemo01(){

Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

//图片变为图标

URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("4.png");

Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

JButton jButton = new JButton();

jButton.setIcon(icon);

//悬浮框

jButton.setToolTipText("这是一个图片按钮");

contentPane.add(jButton);

this.setVisible(true);

this.setBounds(100,100,400,300);

this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

new JButtonDemo01();

}

~~~

![image-20211116152235338](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116152235338.png)

#### 单选按钮

```Java

package Swing.Button;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.*;

import java.net.URL;

public class testButton02 extends JFrame {

public testButton02(){

Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

//图片变为图标

URL resource = testButton02.class.getResource("img.png");

Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

//单选框JRadioButton

JRadioButton radioButton1 = new JRadioButton("radioButton1");

JRadioButton radioButton2 = new JRadioButton("radioButton2");

JRadioButton radioButton3 = new JRadioButton("radioButton3");

//由于单选框只能选择一个，分组

ButtonGroup buttonGroup = new ButtonGroup();

buttonGroup.add(radioButton1);

buttonGroup.add(radioButton2);

buttonGroup.add(radioButton3);

contentPane.add(radioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);

contentPane.add(radioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH);

contentPane.add(radioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

this.setVisible(true);

this.setBounds(100,100,400,300);

this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

new testButton02();

}

```

![image-20211116153728664](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116153728664.png)

#### 复选按钮

```Java

package Swing.Button;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.*;

import java.net.URL;

public class testButton03 extends JFrame {

public testButton03(){

Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

//图片变为图标

URL resource = testButton02.class.getResource("img.png");

Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

//多选框

JCheckBox checkBox1 = new JCheckBox("checkBox1");

JCheckBox checkBox2 = new JCheckBox("checkBox2");

JCheckBox checkBox3 = new JCheckBox("checkBox3");

//流式布局

contentPane.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));

contentPane.add(checkBox1);

contentPane.add(checkBox2);

contentPane.add(checkBox3);

//东西南北中布局

contentPane.add(checkBox1,BorderLayout.NORTH);

contentPane.add(checkBox2,BorderLayout.CENTER);

contentPane.add(checkBox3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

this.setVisible(true);

this.setBounds(100,100,400,300);

this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

new testButton03();

}

```

![image-20211116154210929](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116154210929.png)

### 3.6、列表

#### 下拉框

#### 列表框

### 3.7、文本框

#### 文本框

```Java

package Swing.Text;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.*;

public class testTextField extends JFrame {

public testTextField(){

Container container = this.getContentPane();

//不布局只会出现WORLD，且位置不对

this.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));

JTextField jTextField1 = new JTextField("HELLO");

JTextField jTextField2 = new JTextField("WORLD",20);

container.add(jTextField1);

container.add(jTextField2);

this.setVisible(true);

this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

this.setBounds(100,100,400,300);

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

new testTextField();

}

```

![image-20211116160515780](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116160515780.png)

#### 密码框

```Java

package Swing.Text;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.*;

public class testPassword extends JFrame {

public testPassword(){

Container container = this.getContentPane();

JPasswordField jPasswordField = new JPasswordField();

//若不设置替换格式，则默认为 *

jPasswordField.setEchoChar('#');

container.add(jPasswordField);

this.setVisible(true);

this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

this.setBounds(100,100,400,300);

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

new testPassword();

}

```

![image-20211116160938814](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116160938814.png)

#### 文本域

~~~Java

package Swing.Text;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.*;

public class testTextArea extends JFrame {

public testTextArea(){

Container container = this.getContentPane();

//文本域

JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);

textArea.setText("学习第一");

//Scroll面板

JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);

container.add(scrollPane);

this.setVisible(true);

this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

this.setBounds(100,100,400,300);

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

new testTextArea();

}

~~~

![image-20211116185645580](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116185645580.png)

标签：JAVA,java,GUI,add,frame,import,new,狂神,public
来源： https://blog.csdn.net/He_include/article/details/121483616

本站声明： 1. iCode9 技术分享网（下文简称本站）提供的所有内容，仅供技术学习、探讨和分享；
2. 关于本站的所有留言、评论、转载及引用，纯属内容发起人的个人观点，与本站观点和立场无关；
3. 关于本站的所有言论和文字，纯属内容发起人的个人观点，与本站观点和立场无关；
4. 本站文章均是网友提供，不完全保证技术分享内容的完整性、准确性、时效性、风险性和版权归属；如您发现该文章侵犯了您的权益，可联系我们第一时间进行删除；
5. 本站为非盈利性的个人网站，所有内容不会用来进行牟利，也不会利用任何形式的广告来间接获益，纯粹是为了广大技术爱好者提供技术内容和技术思想的分享性交流网站。

ICode9

GUI笔记(同步b站视频狂神说JAVA)